CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE Dr Mohamed Khafaji, Nephrologist Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterised by gradual decline of kidney function over time that becomes permanent. idney disease is a growing health issue with one in three Australians having an increased risk of developing this condition and one in ten currently having chronic kidney disease (Kidney Health Australia). With effective management of kidney disease at an early stage, the rate of deterioration of kidney function can be markedly reduced or even reversed. K Innovative products and therapies for treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease have now allowed improved quality of life for many individuals. Early detection of chronic kidney disease and timely specialist referral is vital to effectively manage the stages of chronic kidney disease and achieve the best possible outcomes. Multiple risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, being over 60 years old, a family history of the disease and heart problems will increase the likelihood of developing kidney disease. With diabetes and high blood pressure as the dominating causes, effective management and control of these conditions will greatly reduce the time it takes to develop kidney disease to end stage. To help improve the effectiveness of treatment for people with declining kidney function, the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) developed a guideline to help identify the degree of kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease is divided into five stages with stage one being mild kidney disease, up to stage five being end-stage kidney disease. Early detection is vital to offer optimum care and best outcomes for individuals diagnosed with the disease. A simple urine or blood test can show early signs of kidney disease. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the best measure of kidney function. The GFR is a number to determine the stage of kidney function and is derived from a formula using age, gender and serum creatinine. Further tests such as an ultrasound, CT or kidney biopsy will help confirm the cause of chronic kidney disease and the best management plan to slow or reverse the deterioration of kidney failure. The majority of people won't display any symptoms until the advanced stages of kidney disease. Up to 90% of kidney function can be lost before any symptoms are obvious. Although, notable small changes such as lethargy, poor concentration, sleep disturbances, reduced appetite, cramps and itchy skin may well be present earlier. pindaramagazine.com.au Pindara Magazine 37
Pindara Private Hospital Magazine - Issue Ten
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